Sepphoris does not appear in the Hebrew Bible. The site seems to grow in importance from the Persian period. In Jewish Antiquities of Josephus, it is mentioned for the first time under the reign of Alexander Jannaeus. The city was besieged by Ptolemy IX Lathyrus. The city is the capital of the figure of Galileo, including in Judea after the intervention of the governor of Syria Aulus Gabinius. After the death of Herod the Great in 4 BC. AD, it is the seat of the revolt led by Judas the Galilean. It was besieged and burned by the Roman general Varus and again destroyed by the Nabataean Aretas IV. Herod Antipas recasts the city under the name Autocratoris. The first century, many Jewish families of priests established there. The city enjoys city status from 67-68 to as Irenopolis, Isauria.
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